Strabismus: refers to the misalignment of the visual axes of the two eyes, which may be inward, outward, upward or downward.
A normal person's two eyes should see things straight and parallel. When looking at an object, the image of the object falls on the fovea of the retina of both eyes respectively, and then the image of the two eyes is combined into one through the brain's image fusion ability. Strabismus can occur in children and adults, and the incidence rate of children is much higher. The main reasons are as follows:
Children, especially infants, have imperfect binocular single vision function and cannot coordinate the extraocular muscles well. Any unstable factors can cause strabismus.
Human single vision function is gradually developed after birth. This function is established by repeated stimulation of clear external images, just like visual function, and gradually develops and matures.
NO.2 Congenital abnormality
This strabismus is mostly caused by congenital abnormal development of the position of extraocular muscles, abnormal development of the extraocular muscles themselves, incomplete differentiation of mesoderm, poor separation of eye muscles, abnormal muscle sheaths and fibrosis, and other anatomical defects or paralysis of the nerves that control the muscles.
In addition, there are also genetic factors. Strabismus is not inherited by all members of the family. This defect is often indirectly inherited to the next generation of children.
NO.3 The characteristics of eyeball development make children prone to strabismus
Because children have small eyeballs and short eye axes, they are mostly farsighted. In addition, because children have strong corneal and lens refractive power and strong ciliary muscle contraction power, that is, strong accommodation power.
Such children need more accommodation power to see objects clearly. At the same time, their eyes also turn inward with force to produce excessive convexity, which is easy to cause esotropia. This kind of esotropia is called accommodative esotropia.
NO.4 Insufficient control ability of eyeball movement center
If the convergence is too strong or the abduction is insufficient or both exist at the same time, esotropia will occur; on the contrary, if the abduction is too strong, the convergence is insufficient or both exist at the same time, exotropia will occur.
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Post time: May-09-2025